Parkinson: el síntoma que puede aparecer 20 años antes del diagnóstico

El Parkinson es una enfermedad neurológica que afecta los movimientos, debido a la degeneración de ciertas células cerebrales y la disminución de dopamina, un neurotransmisor clave para la coordinación motora.

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Aunque es más común en personas mayores de 60 años, también puede afectar a personas jóvenes, aunque en menor medida.

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Además de los síntomas típicos, como temblor, rigidez y dificultades para caminar, existen síntomas premotores que pueden aparecer varios años.

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Estos síntomas premotores incluyen la pérdida de olfato (hiposmia), trastornos del sueño REM, constipación y depresión, entre otros.

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La hiposmia, en particular, es un síntoma temprano del Parkinson que puede preceder hasta 20 años a la aparición de otros síntomas motores y del diagnóstico.

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La hiposmia puede detectarse mediante pruebas de olfato (olfatometría) y se ha encontrado que entre el 60% y el 90% de los pacientes con Parkinson tienen déficit olfativo.

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Detectar estos síntomas tempranos, como la hiposmia, es crucial para iniciar el tratamiento temprano y mejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes.

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