¿Qué es el humo de tercera mano y cómo afecta?

Cuando un fumador se retira de un espacio cerrado, quedan residuos químicos que se depositan en superficies y otros permanecen en el aire.

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Éstos restos forman parte del humo de tercera mano. Se descubrió que pueden permanecer en ambientes interiores durante años y aumentar el riesgo de daños en la salud aún en no fumadores.

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Según un trabajo del científico argentino Hugo Destaillats, los compuestos del humo de tercera mano pueden aumentar el riesgo de cáncer.

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Incluso en los hogares en los que ya no se perciben los olores del tabaco, los contaminantes pueden permanecer por más de 10 años.

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"La nicotina acumulada en las superficies reacciona con un compuesto que está en el aire y se forman sustancias carcinógenas, conocidas como nitrosaminas específicas del tabaco”, explicó Destaillats.

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También se sabe que las nitrosaminas son “semivolátiles”. Significa que son compuestos que tienen una tendencia a depositarse en superficies y permanecer durante largos períodos de tiempo.

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Las personas quedan expuestas a los compuestos del humo de tercera mano por tres vías: la respiración, la ingestión y la absorción a través de la piel.

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Para evitar el impacto del humo de tercera mano, lo ideal sería que las personas dejen de fumar tabaco, pero si siguen consumiendo, la mejor manera de reducir el riesgo es no fumar en espacios cerrados.

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